Abamectin

Common name: abamectin (BSI, draft E-ISO, ANSI); abamectine ((f) draft F-ISO)
CAS RN: [71751-41-2]

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Composition: A mixture containing 80% avermectin B1a (i) and 20% avermectin B1b (ii).
Mol. wt.: 873.1 (avermectin B1a); 860.1 (avermectin B1b)
M.f. : C48H72O14 (avermectin B1a); C47H70O14 (avermectin B1b)
Form: Colourless to pale yellow crystals.
M.p.: 161.8-169.4 °C (decomp.)
V.p.: <3.7 ?10-3 mPa (25 °C)
KOW: logP = 4.4?.3 (pH 7.2, room temperature)
Henry: 2.7 ?10-3 Pa m3 mol-1 (25 °C)
S.g./density: 1.18 (22 °C)
Solubility In water: 7-10 mg/l (20 ºC). In toluene 350, acetone 100, isopropanol 70, chloroform 25, ethanol 20, methanol 19.5, n-butanol 10, cyclohexane 6 (all in g/l, 21 ºC).
Stability: Stable to hydrolysis in aqueous solutions at pH 5, 7, and 9 (25 ºC). Sensitive to stronger acid and base. U.V. irradiation causes conversion first to the 8,9-Z- isomer, then to unidentified decomposition products.

APPLICATIONS
Mode of action: Insecticide and acaricide with contact and stomach action. Has limited plant systemic activity, but exhibits translaminar movement.
Uses: Control of motile stages of mites, leaf miners, suckers, Colorado beetles, etc. on ornamentals, cotton, citrus fruit, pome fruit, nut crops, vegetables, potatoes, and other crops. Application rates are 5.6 to 28 g/ha for mite control, 11 to 22 g/ha for control of leaf miners. Also used for control of fire ants.
Phytotoxicity: May be phytotoxic to pome fruit when mixed with captan.
Formulation types: 95-98% TC, 1.8-3.6%EC, 1.8%,2.0%ME, 5%,10%WP